A package manager is a type of software that allows users to install new software, upgrade systems, update specific software, and so on. A lot of software in Linux has dependencies that must be present on the system to complete, so tools such as package managers are needed on every system.
Linux distributions all come with a default package manager for the above functions, DNF (Dandified YUM) is replacing YUM on Fedora systems, package managers can implement the installation of new software from the repository, resolve software dependencies by installing dependencies before installing the software, maintain each software dependency database, Downgrade any existing software versions, upgrade kernel versions, and list packages available for installation.
If you want to organize updates for specific packages, you can use either Yum or DNF's configuration file by opening:
sudo nano /etc/yum.conf #Yum Configuration File
sudo nano /etc/dnf/dnf.conf #DNF Configuration File
Add the following at the bottom of the file, followed by the name of the package you want to block:
exclude=kernel* httpd
This prevents the system from updating all kernel-related packages and the Apache Web Server (httpd).
Then verify that updates to the specified package have been blocked:
sudo dnf install httpd
If you can't keep modifying the configuration file, you can also use command-line options to temporarily exclude specific packages when Yum or DNF updates:
sudo yum update --exclude=nginx php
sudo dnf update --exclude=nginx php
You can also edit the repo-name.repo configuration file created in the /etc/yum/repos.d directory to block the upgrade by adding any packages that the repository installs from any external source.
To open the configuration file:
sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/repo-name.repo
Add the following line [repository] under this section:
Exclude = package1 package2, if want to mysql from epel repository updates to eliminate the package, please open the/etc/yum repos. D/epel. Repo and add:
exclude=mysql*
This prevents mysql updates from that particular repository.
Both Yum and DNF provide plug-ins that lock specific versions of packages and prevent them from being updated, which is done using the versionlock plug-in. Yum Install versionlock plug-in:
sudo yum install yum-plugin-versionlock
To lock specific package versions:
sudo yum versionlock add httpd
View all locked packages:
sudo yum versionlock list
To remove a package from a version lock:
sudo yum versionlock delete httpd
To install the versionlock package for Dnf:
sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core
To lock specific package versions:
sudo dnf versionlock add httpd
View all locked packages:
sudo dnf versionlock list
To remove a package from a version lock:
sudo dnf versionlock delete httpd
